Automatic compensating carburetor



Feb. 15, 1927 7,605

A. c. PETERSON AUTOMATI C C OMPENSAT ING CARBURETOR Filed Sept. 7 1922 fit) Patented Feb. 15, 192?.

UNITED STATES ADOLPI-IE C. PETERSON, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA.

AUTOMATIC COMPENSATING CARBURETOR.

Application filed September 7, 1922.

My invention relates to carbureting devices and particularly to a form of carburetor providing an automatic control wherefore it is called an automatic compensating carburetor.

The principal objects of my invention are to provide a carburetor which will more readily Va orize fuel and carburet air, which will e adapted to the heavier gasolines, kerosene, and the heavier fuels, which will provide proper heating of the fuel as necessary, which will under extreme conditions and in starting inherently produce heat to cause sufficient and thorough vaporizing, which will automatically accommodate itself to conditions of operation requiring excess fuel, which will have such automatic accommodation that it can for ordinary conditions of operation produce the most eflicient mixture, which will while efficient provide easy starting and quick acceleration in a motor, which will alleviate difficulties of lun'ication in a motor, and which will generally be an improved carbureting device.

The principal devices and combination of devices constituting my invention are as hereinafter described and defined in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings which illustrate my invention like characters refer to like parts throughout the several views.

Referring to the drawings:

Figure 1 is a view in vertical cross section on the line X-X of Figure 2, showing my device. and diagrammatically its application to an engine, some parts being shown in full side elevation.

Figure 2 is a view in vertical cross section on the line X X of Figure 1, this view being at right angles to that of Figure 1. some parts being broken away.

Figure 3 is a detail of the fuel heating and nozzle member.

The numeral 1 indicates a casting which forms the principa body of my device, and has formed in it a primary Veoturi tube 2, a secondary Venturi tube 3, and a tertiary Venturi tube 4-. a valve chamber 5 above the secondary Venturi tube, a valve chamber (5 above the tertiary Venturi tube, and a float chamber 7. To the lower end of the casting 1, secured by screws or bolts to the lower side of the float chamber 7, closing it. is attached to a fuel heater 8 which receives fuel from float chamber through Serial No. 586,725.

port 9 from whence the fuel passes through a shallow broad heating chamber 10, which is surrounded on its upper and lower sides by an exhaust gas space 1112, and may thence have free passage to either or all of the fuel nozzles 13, 14, and 15, which protrude upward each into one of the Venturi tubes 2, 3, ft, respectively. The exhaust gas space 11, 12 receives exhaust gas from the engine to which the device is connected through conduit 16 and delivers to atmosphere through a conduit 17 Upon the upper end of the casting l a head casting 18 is attached, this having a central tube 19, through which gas or carbureted air may pass from primary Venturi tube 2 to engine manifold 20, as controlled by a fiat throttle Valve 21, interposed between castings 1 and 18 beneath tube 19, ports 22 in throttle valve 21 cooperating with ports 23 in lower end of tube 19 under conditions as hereinafter described. The head casting 18 has a conduit 24; formed to pass gas or carbureted air from secondary V enturi tube 3 to the tube 19 (above throttle valve 21), a piston valve 25 in valve chamber 5 controlling passage as hereinafter described. The head casting 18 has also a combustion chamber 26 surrounding tube 19, having delivery to it through port 27 and gauze 28 from tertiary Venturi tube a, a piston valve 29 in valve chamber 6 control.- ling passage as hereinafter described. The combustion chamber 26 delivers through ports 30 to the upper end of tube 19.

A rod 31 passes horizontally and freely slidable through the piston valve 25 and 29 and extends outside the casting 1 and at its extreme end is controlled by a vertical rod 31 which at its lower end is pivotally mounted upon an arm 32 secured to engine A and is controlled in its position by a centrifugal governor 33 fixed to revolve with cam shaft 341 of engine A. The governor 33 is manually controlled by a hand lever 35 by means of which the tension of the governorspring 36 may be regulated. By the control of rod 31 the governor automatically controls piston valves 25 and 29, and throttle valve 21 which has a depending arm 37 engaged by rod 31. On either side of each piston valve the rod 31 has collars 38, 39, 10, ell, each stationed at a position to effect control or movement of the piston valves 25 and 29 as hereinafter described, the rod 31 sliding (Ell freely through the piston valves except when the collars abut against the valves as hereinafter described. Each piston valve has on each side of it coil springs 42, e3, 44, and 45, which have such length and tension that,

except when the valves are positively movedby abutment of the collars, they keep the piston valves in their normal or central position blocking the passages they control.

The nozzles 13, 1%, each have needle valves 46, 47, 48 respectively. by which the pa: go of fuel through them may be individually controlled and lined at a certain ratio.

The float chamber 7 receives fuel from any source through conduit 49 as controlled by float 50.

A spark plug 51 set in combustion chamber 26 immeoiately above gauze 28 and receives electricity to produce sparks regularly under operation oi the engine A, means thereto not being shown for the sake of simplicity in the drawing as any means may be used.

In the operation of my device, the engine A. causes suction upon tube 19, which suction will be effective upon the Venturi tubes as controlled by governor 33 through red 31. As the speed of engine A through governor 83 controls rod 31, this red will have a position varyingin a normal range and two opposite extreme positions or ranges. By hand lever the speed at which the rod 31 passes through the normal position may be increased or decreased. llhrough the varying stages of the normal position wherein the throttle valve 21. is moved from full open position to about one-third open position the rod 31 will have no effect upon piston valves and 29, whereby through this movement there will be no passage from the secondary Venturi tube and the tertiary Venturi tube i to tube 19, but only the suction upon and passage from the primary Venturi. tube 2 will be controlled. However, whenever, the rod 31 is moved into either of its extiren'le positions or ranpes, so it has movement beyond what necessary to cause and maintain full open position of throttle valve 21 or at the other extreme so it has movement reducing; the throttle opening ot valve 21 below the one-third open position, then the piston valves 25 and 29, will each be moved to open passage from their re spective Ventu-ri tubes, one to combustion chan'iber 26 and the other directly to tube 19. The nozzle oi the secomlary Venturi tube will in'eterabiy be set to supply av saturated mixture which will enrich all the cafrlziureted air passing tl'u'ough the tube 19 from the primary Vcnturi tube. 'l? he nozzle of the tertiary Venturi tube will be set to supply a combustible mixture to combustion chaml'5e1'"26'which will as it emergesthrough auze 28be ignited by spark plug 51 and burn causing heating 0'! tube 19 and will pass through ports 30 into the upper end of tube 19 and there the heated gases will mix with the carbureted air and cause heating and thorough vaporization of the fuel as it passes to'engine A; The ports 30 are small and the size of combustion chamber 26 so large. that combustion is extinguished before the gases pass intotube 19. As governor 33 will thus control the venturi tubes, whenever the engine A. maintains a speed within certain limits substantially determined by the operator by the hand lever 35, the throttle 21 only will be regulated and .maintain that speed, but whenever it is necessary to accelerate the speed as when a surplus power is required the governor will cause the secondary and tertiary Venturi tubes to become active whereby coincidently the carbureted air passing to the engine A will be enriched and heat will be supplied by combustion in chamber 26 to cause quick and eliicient acceleration, and also whenever the engine is operating under no load or very light load, then the secondary and tertiary tubes also will be active so that the mixture is enriched and heat supplied by combustion, thereby automatically causing efficient and responsive operation of the engine in both acceleration and light load conditions and providing automatically efficient lean mixture operation in normal ranges oi load as most generally used in automotive service. By manipulation of lever the operator may cause the engine to accelerate to and maintain a desired speed. The collars should be so positioned as to maintain or secure the best operation and they may be adjitistable to this end.

While the controlling; devices of my device are shown controlled through a governor, l contemplate tha' these devices may be otherwise manually controlled without the intervention oi the governor.

l i liile l have shown particuhir dev" and con'ibinations of devices in the illustration of my invention, I contemplate that the 'irinciples and the spirit of my invention may be otherwise embodied. in other detail and combinations of striuztures without departing from the spirit and intent oi my invention.

hat I claim is:

1. In a carlmreting device a primary Venturi tube, secondary Venturi tube, a fertiary Venturi tube a nozzle flilill'liletl to deliver fuel, to the seco oiryl enturi tube under suc lion, a nozzle erupted to deliver fuel to the primarv tu be under iuiction, a nozzle adapted to dell -rr fuel to the tertiary l entnri tube ru'uler suction, throttle means contii'olliingr suction upon the Venturi tubes and means wherebythe throttle means is controlled according"v to the speed oi the engine to which the carburetor is attached. and means wheretill by the gas passing from the tertiary Venturi tube is combusted and passed into the gas stream from the primary tube.

2. In a carbureting device, a primary Venturi tube, a secondary Venturi tube, a ter tiary Venturi tube, a nozzle adapted to deliver fuel to the primary tube under suction, a nozzle adapted to deliver fuel to the secondary tube under suction, a nozzle adapted to deliver fuel to the tertiary tube under suction, throttle means controlling the suction upon the Veuturi tubes, means whereby the throttle means is controlled according to the speed of the engine so as to effect suction only upon the primary tube during variation of speed in a normal range, and to effect suction upon the secondary and tertiary tubes when the speed or load varies from the normal range, and means whereby the gas passing from the tertiary tube is combusted and passed into the gas stream from the primary tube.

3. In a carbureting device, a primary Venturi tube, a secondary Venturi tube. a tertiary Venturi tube, a nozzle adapted to deliver fuel to the primary tube under suction, a nozzle adapted to deliver fuel to the secondary tube under suction, a nozzle adapted to deliver fuel to the tertiary tube under suction, throttle means controlling the suction upon the Venturi tubes. means whereby the throttle means is controlled according to the speed of the engine so as to effect suction upon the primary tube under suction through a normal range of speed or load. and to effect suction upon the secondary and tertiary Venturi tubes under suction during variation from the normal range of speed or load, means whereby the gas passing from the tertiary tube is combusted and passed into the gas stream from the primary tube, and means whereby the governing action may be manually varied to cause modification of the normal range.

4. In a carbureting device, av primary Venturi tube, a secondary Venturi tube, a tertiary Venturi tube, a nozzle adapted to deliver to the primary tube under suction, a nozzle adapted to deliver to the sec ondary tube under suction, a nozzle adapted to deliver to the tertiary tube under suction, throttle means controlling the suction upon the Venturi tube whereby the primary tube alone or the primary tube and the other tubes may be rendered active, and means whereby the gas passing from the tertiary tube is combusted and passed into the gas stream from the primary tube.

5. In a carbureting device, a primary Venturi tube, a secondary Venturi tube, a nozzle adapted to deliver fuel to the primary tube under suction, a nozzle adapted to deliver fuel to the secondary tube under suction, means. whereby gas passing from the secondary tube is combusted and passed into the stream passing from the primary tube, and throttle means controlling the suction upon the Venturi tubes and means whereby the throttle means is controlled according to the speed of the engine to which the carburetor is attached.

(3. In a carbureting device, a primary Venturi tube, a supplementary Venturi tube, a nozzle adapted to deliver fuel to the primary tube under suction, a nozzle adapted to deliver fuel to the supplementary tube under suction, means whereby the gas passing from the supplementary tube is combusted and passed into the stream passing from the primary tube, throttle means controlling the suction upon the Venturi tubes, and means whereby the throttle means is controlled according to the speed of the engine so as to effect suction only upon the primary tube during the variation of speed in a normal range of speed or load, and to effect suction upon the supplementary tube when the speed or load range varies from the normal 1 7. In a carbureting device, a primary Venturi tube, a. supplementary Vent-uri tube, a nozzle. adapted to deliver fuel to the primary tube under suction, a nozzle adapted to deliver fuel to the supplen'ientary tube under suction, means whereby the gas pass in from the supplementary tube is combusted and passed into the stream from the primary tube, and throttle means control ling the suction upon the Venturi tubes whereby the primary tube alone or both tubes may be rendered active.

8. In a carbureting device, a primary carbureting means, a supplementary carbureting means, means whereby gas passing from the supplementary carbureting means may be combusted and passed into the stream from the primary carbureting means. and means whereby the action may be controlled to render the primary means alone active or both of the earbureting means active.

9. In a carbureting device, a primary carbureting means, a secondary carbureting means, a tertiary carburetiug means, means whereby gas passing from the tertiary carbureting means may be combusted and passed into the stream from the primary carbureting means, and means whereby the action may be controlled to render the primary means alone active or all of the "arbureting means active.

10. In a carbureting device. a Vcuturi tube, a nozzle adapted to deliver fuel to the Venturi tube under suction, a throttle organ controlling the suction upon the Venturi tube, means whereby the throttle organ is controlled arcording to the speed of the engine to which the carburetor is related, means whereby the relation of control to speed may be manually altered, and means whereby when the actual speed is abnormally above or below the determined control speed ltlt) llO six

the air passing through the carburetor to the engine will receive a larger proportion of fuel.

11. In a carbureting device, a Veuturi tube, a' nozzle adapted to deliver fuel to the Venturi tube under suction, a throttle organ controlling the suction upon the Venturi tube, means whereby the hrottle organ is controlled according to the speed of the engine to which the carburetor is related, means whereby the relation of control to speed may be manually altered and means whereby when theactual speed is abnormally above or below the determined control speed an enriching means is caused to permit delivery of fuel in larger proportion to the air passing through the carburetor to the engine.

12. In a carbur'et-ing device, a primary Venturi tube, a nozzle adapted to deliver fuel to the primary Venturi tube under suction, a supplementary Venturi tub-e and means adapted to deliver fuel to air passing thercthrough under suction in richer proportion comparatively than the delivery to the air passing through the primary Venturi tube,- a throttle organ controlling the suction upon the primary Venturi tube, means whereby the throttle organ is controlled according to the speed of the engine to which the carbureting device is related, means whereby the relation of control to speed may be manually altered, and means whereby when the actual speed is abnormally above or below the determined control speed the supplementary Venturi tube will be rendered active to supply carbureted air in the richer proportion so that the carbureted air passing from the primary and Supplementary Venturi tubes at such times, commingled, will be richer in fuel.

13. A primary Venturi tube, a supplementary Ven'turi tube, means delivering fuel to the primary Vent-uri tube under suction and means delivering fuel in richer proportion to the supplementary Venturi tube under suction, a throttle organ providing means for control of the suction upon the primary Venturi tube, and means whereby when the throttle organ is moved in positions permitting minor suction only upon the primary Venturi tube the supplementary Venturi tube will be proportionately opened, and whereby when the throttle organ is moved in position to full opening of the primary Venturi tube further movement in the same direction of the means controlling the throttle organ will effect opening of the supplei'ncntary Venturi tube, and means whereby the primary and supplementary Vonturi tubes each may deliver into a common means adapted to deliver to a related engine.

14. A. primary Venturi tube, a secondary Venturi tube, a tertiary Venturi tube, means adapted to deliver fuel to either of the tubes upon the suction upon the tube, the relation reraeoa of the fuel delivery to the tubes being such that fuel in comparatively rich proportion to air is delivered to the secondary tube, that fuel in proportion for economical engine performance is delivered to the air passing through the primary Venturi tube, that fuel in proportion adapted to combustion with the volume of air passing through the tertiary tube is delivered under suction thereto, a throttle organ controlling the primary Venturi tube, means whereby the supplementary and tertiary tubes are placed under suction under conditions wherein comparatively a small volume of combustible mixture passes from the primary Venturi tube and under conditions wherein full volume of combustible mixture may pass from the primary Venturi tube, and means whereby the combustible mixture passing from the tertiary Venturi tube under such conditions is combusted in a combustion chamber, and means whereby the rich mixture from the secondary Vcnturi tube and the gases of combustion from the tertiary Venturi tube are passed into the mixture emerging from the primary Venturi tube and the commingled mixture from the three Venturi tubes passes to a related engine.

15. A primary Venturi tube, a supple mentary Venturi tube, means adapted to deliver fuel to either of the tubes upon suction upon the tube, the relation of the fuel delivery to the tubes being such that fuel in comparatively rich proportion to air is delivered to the supplementary Venturi tube, that fuel in proportion for economical engine performance is delivered to the air passing through the primary Venturi tube, in combination with a throttle organ controlling the primary Venturi tube and means whereby the supplementary Venturi tube may be placed under suction under conditions wherein comparatively a small vol-- ume of combustible mixture passes from the primary Venturi tube and under conditions wherein full volume of combustible mixture may pass from the primary Venturi tube, and means whereby under conditions when mixture emerges from both Venturi tubes the mixtures will commingle and pass commingled to a related engine.

16. A carburetor comprising three Vent-uri tubes, means adapted to deliver fuel to either of the tubes upon suction upon the carburetor, the relation of the fuel delivery to the tubes being such that fuel in comparatively rich proportion to air is delivered to one, that fuel in proportion for economical engine performance is delivered to the air passing through one, that fuel in proportion for combustion with. air is delivered to the third, in combustion with throttle means controlling suction upon the tube for economical engine performance and an auxiliary throttle organ for each of the other tubes each having a neutral position in which suction upon the related tube is cut oil' and each being adapted to be moved out of the neutral position to permit suction upon the related tube when the throttle 10 upon is permitted, a combustion chamber receiving from the third and enabled to create combustion of the mixture passing therethrough, and means whereby mixture or gases permitted to pass from any of the tubes is commingled and may pass commingled to a related engine.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 9th day of September, 1921.

ADOLPHE C. PETERSON. 

